Interest in natural sun protection continues to grow, alongside questions about the role carrier oils can realistically play in sun care formulations. New sun care launches grew 13% globally in the past year, and formulators are under growing pressure to back any natural SPF claim with real evidence.
Can carrier oils contribute to natural sun protection?
The short answer is yes but not in the way many people think.
Scientific research has explored the UV-absorbing characteristics of certain botanical oils under laboratory conditions and investigated their naturally occurring antioxidant content. However, there is currently no robust evidence that carrier oils provide the same level of protection as clinically tested sun cream.
This article explores what the research says about carrier oils, how SPF is measured and where botanical oils fit within modern sun care formulations.
Key Takeaways:
- Carrier oils may demonstrate UV-absorbing properties under laboratory conditions, but they are not recognised substitutes for clinically tested sun cream.
- SPF can only be determined by testing the finished formulation in accordance with recognised standards such as ISO 24444.
- Botanical oils are best viewed as complementary formulation ingredients, contributing skin-conditioning and antioxidant properties alongside recognised UV Filters.
Why Are Consumers Asking This Question?
Sun care is no longer viewed as a seasonal product. Consumers are increasingly looking for products that combine UV protection with hydration, antioxidant support and naturally derived ingredients.
This shift is reflected across the wider beauty industry. According to Innova Market Insights, new sun care product launches increased by 13% globally between April 2021 and March 2026, while 27% of consumers worldwide reported increasing their use of sun care products. Europe also remains the leading region for innovation, accounting for 48% of global sun care launches.
This trend is also influencing ingredient selection. Innova Market Insights reports that Aloe Vera featured in 19% of new sun care launches, Vitamin B3 (niacinamide) appeared in 18% and zinc oxide featured in 17% of launches between April 2025 and March 2026. Meanwhile, Gotu Kola extract recorded 37% compound annual growth (CAGR) in new sun care launches between April 2021 and March 2026.
As brands develop products that combine UV protection with broader skincare benefits, botanical oils such as Cold Pressed Raspberry Seed Oil and Cold Pressed Carrot Seed Oil are attracting greater attention because of reported ‘natural SPF’ values. However, understanding how SPF is measured is essential before interpreting these claims.

Why SPF Claims for Carrier Oils Are Complex
One of the biggest misconceptions surrounding botanical oils is that laboratory UV absorption is equivalent to SPF.
However, laboratory UV absorption should not be interpreted as clinically verified SPF.
According to the internationally recognised ISO 24444 standard, SPF is determined by testing the finished sunscreen formulation, not individual ingredients. A product’s SPF depends on the complete formulation, including ingredient concentration, stability and how consistently it forms a protective film on the skin.
Scientific reviews published in Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Pharmacognosy Reviews also describe photoprotection as more than simply preventing sunburn. UV exposure generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contribute to oxidative stress within the skin, while antioxidant-rich botanical ingredients are often included in cosmetic formulations because of their naturally occurring composition. However, both reviews conclude that further research is required before many laboratory observations can be translated into practical sunscreen applications.
Which Natural Oils Are Most Commonly Associated with SPF?
Published research into carrier oils remains limited, and much of the available evidence investigates plant-derived compounds rather than finished sunscreen formulations.
Among the oils most frequently discussed:
- Cold Pressed Raspberry Seed Oil – The most widely researched carrier oil in relation to natural SPF. Laboratory studies have investigated its UV-absorbing properties but reported SPF values vary considerably and have not been confirmed using recognised sunscreen testing methods.
- Cold Pressed Carrot Seed Oil – Frequently associated with natural sun protection, although often confused with carrot seed essential oil. Current scientific reviews do not identify it as an alternative to clinically tested sun cream.
- Cold Pressed Marula Seed Oil – There is currently limited published evidence supporting claims of measurable SPF. Instead, it is primarily valued for its stability, skin-conditioning properties and sensory profile within cosmetic formulations.
Collectively, current evidence suggests carrier oils should be viewed as complementary ingredients within modern skincare and sun care formulations rather than replacements for recognised UV filters.
Carrier Oils vs Mineral Sun Cream
Carrier oils and mineral sun cream perform different functions within a formulation.
Mineral UV filters such as zinc oxide provide clinically verified broad-spectrum UV protection when incorporated into formulations that undergo recognised SPF testing. Carrier oils, by comparison, contribute skin conditioning, formulation aesthetics and naturally occurring antioxidant compounds.
At O&3, conversations with formulators focus on how botanical ingredients can complement recognised UV filters rather than replace them. The discussion is shifting away from assigning SPF values to individual oils and towards designing formulations that combine effective UV Protection with the skin benefits consumers increasingly expect.
As consumer expectations evolve, the future of sun care is unlikely to be defined by replacing recognised UV filters with botanical ingredients. Instead, innovation will come from formulations that combine clinically verified UV protection with carefully selected natural ingredients, supported by robust scientific evidence.
O&3’s Thoughts…
Botanical oils have a real place in sun care, just not the place the phrase ‘natural SPF’ implies. The value they offer formulators is skin conditioning, antioxidant support and sensory quality that sits alongside a properly tested UV filter, not instead of one. As consumer appetite for natural ingredients keeps growing, we expect to see more brands lean into this combination, backed by clearer evidence and clearer labelling.
Continue Exploring Sun Care Science
This article forms part of O&3’s ongoing exploration of botanical formulation and modern SPF. You may also enjoy:
- Is There a Natural, Eco-Friendly Alternative to Sunscreen?
- The Future of Inclusive Sun Care and SPF as a Beauty Essential.
- The Rise of Innovative SPF Formats in Sun Care.
- Rethinking Reef-Safe SPF with Mineral and Natural Sunscreen Innovation.
References
- Afaq F. (2011). Natural Agents: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Photoprotection. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 508(2), 144–151.
- Korać RR, Khambholja KM. (2011). Potential of Herbs in Skin Protection from Ultraviolet Radiation. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 5(10), 164–173.
- ISO 24444:2019. Cosmetics — Sun Protection Test Methods — In Vivo Determination of Sun Protection Factor (SPF).
- Innova Market Insights. Growth in Sun Care Launches and Most Popular Ingredients for Sun Care, reported in Personal Care Insights (2026).
- Personal Care Insights. Green People and Seppic discuss the future of sunscreen innovation.
- Cosmetics & Toiletries. Sun care formulation trend reporting. Advancing Sun Protection: High SPF, ROS Targeting, Eco-friendly and Reef Safe, Elegant, Fun, Self-adapting and More | Cosmetics & Toiletries
















